i compile the following audio sample code, but error appears.
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/*
* PSP Software Development Kit - http://www.pspdev.org
* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Licensed under the BSD license, see LICENSE in PSPSDK root for details.
*
* main.c - Basic audio sample.
*
* Copyright (c) 2005 Frank Buss <[email protected]> (aka Shine)
*
* $Id: main.c 1147 2005-10-12 15:52:52Z mrbrown $
*/
#include <pspkernel.h>
#include <pspdebug.h>
#include <pspaudiolib.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
/* Define the module info section */
PSP_MODULE_INFO("POLYPHONIC", 0, 1, 1);
/* Define the main thread's attribute value (optional) */
PSP_MAIN_THREAD_ATTR(THREAD_ATTR_USER | THREAD_ATTR_VFPU);
/* Define printf, just to make typing easier */
#define printf pspDebugScreenPrintf
void dump_threadstatus(void);
/* Exit callback */
int exit_callback(int arg1, int arg2, void *common)
{
sceKernelExitGame();
return 0;
}
/* Callback thread */
int CallbackThread(SceSize args, void *argp)
{
int cbid;
cbid = sceKernelCreateCallback("Exit Callback", (void *) exit_callback, NULL);
sceKernelRegisterExitCallback(cbid);
sceKernelSleepThreadCB();
return 0;
}
/* Sets up the callback thread and returns its thread id */
int SetupCallbacks(void)
{
int thid = 0;
thid = sceKernelCreateThread("update_thread", CallbackThread, 0x11, 0xFA0, 0, 0);
if(thid >= 0)
{
sceKernelStartThread(thid, 0, 0);
}
return thid;
}
int pspAudioInit();
void pspAudioEndPre();
void pspAudioEnd();
#define SAMPLE_COUNT 0x10000
float sample[SAMPLE_COUNT];
#define SAMPLE_RATE 44100
#define OCTAVE_COUNT 6
float octaves[OCTAVE_COUNT][12];
typedef struct {
int note;
int octave;
int duration;
} Note_t;
typedef struct {
Note_t currentNote;
int noteIndex;
int currentTime;
float currentsampleIndex;
float currentsampleIncrement;
} ChannelState_t;
ChannelState_t channelStates[3];
// "S" means "#"
#define NOTE_END -2
#define NOTE_PAUSE -1
#define NOTE_C 0
#define NOTE_CS 1
#define NOTE_D 2
#define NOTE_DS 3
#define NOTE_E 4
#define NOTE_F 5
#define NOTE_FS 6
#define NOTE_G 7
#define NOTE_GS 8
#define NOTE_A 9
#define NOTE_AS 10
#define NOTE_B 11
#define EIGHT_NOTE(note, octave, duration) { note, octave, SAMPLE_RATE * duration / 8}
Note_t channel0[] = {
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 4, 7),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 3, 9),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 3, 2),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 4, 7),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 3, 9),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 3, 3),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 3, 7),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 3, 9),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 3, 2),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 3, 7),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 3, 12),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 4, 9),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 4, 3),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 3, 6),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 3, 6),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 4, 7),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 3, 6),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 3, 6),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 4, 9),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 3, 3),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 3, 12),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 4, 7),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 4, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 3, 12),
{ NOTE_END, 0, 0 }
};
Note_t channel1[] = {
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 0, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 0, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 0, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 0, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 0, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 0, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 0, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_B, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 0, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 3, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_A, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_F, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_E, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_D, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 2, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_C, 1, 1),
EIGHT_NOTE(NOTE_G, 1, 1),
{ NOTE_END, 0, 0 }
};
Note_t* channels[] = { channel0, channel1 };
void nextNote(int channel)
{
ChannelState_t* state = &channelStates[channel];
state->currentNote = channels[channel][state->noteIndex];
state->currentTime = 0;
state->currentsampleIndex = 0;
int note = state->currentNote.note;
if (note == NOTE_PAUSE) {
state->currentsampleIncrement = 0;
} else {
state->currentsampleIncrement = octaves[state->currentNote.octave][note] * ((float) SAMPLE_COUNT) / ((float) SAMPLE_RATE);
}
state->noteIndex++;
if (channels[channel][state->noteIndex].note == NOTE_END) state->noteIndex = 0;
}
// calculate current value of attack/delay/sustain/release envelope
float adsr(float time, float duration) {
if (time < 0.0) return 0.0;
const float attack = 0.004;
const float decay = 0.02;
const float sustain = 0.5;
const float release = 0.08;
duration -= attack + decay + release;
if (time < attack) return time / attack;
time -= attack;
if (time < decay) return (decay - time) / decay * (1.0 - sustain) + sustain;
time -= decay;
if (time < duration) return sustain;
time -= duration;
if (time < release) return (release - time) / release * sustain;
return 0.0;
}
void audioOutCallback(int channel, unsigned short* buf, unsigned int reqn)
{
ChannelState_t* state = &channelStates[channel];
unsigned int i;
for (i = 0; i < reqn; i++) {
float time = ((float) state->currentTime) / ((float) SAMPLE_RATE);
if (state->currentTime++ == state->currentNote.duration) nextNote(channel);
float value;
if (state->currentsampleIncrement == 0.0) {
value = 0.0;
} else {
value = sample[(int)state->currentsampleIndex] * adsr(time, ((float) state->currentNote.duration) / ((float) SAMPLE_RATE));
value *= (float) 0x7000;
state->currentsampleIndex += state->currentsampleIncrement;
if (state->currentsampleIndex >= SAMPLE_COUNT) state->currentsampleIndex -= (float) SAMPLE_COUNT;
}
buf[0] = value;
buf[1] = value;
buf += 2;
}
}
void audioOutCallback0(void *buf, unsigned int reqn, void *userdata) { audioOutCallback(0, buf, reqn); }
void audioOutCallback1(void *buf, unsigned int reqn, void *userdata) { audioOutCallback(1, buf, reqn); }
void createPitches(float base, float* target)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
target[i] = base;
base *= 1.0594630943592952645618252949463; // 2^(1/12)
}
}
int main(void)
{
pspDebugScreenInit();
SetupCallbacks();
printf("Polyphonic sample by Shine\n\n");
printf("Soundtrack of the movie\n");
printf("\"Le fabuleux destin d'Amelie Poulain\"\n");
printf("by Yann Tiersen\n");
int i;
int maxAt = SAMPLE_COUNT / 16;
for (i = 0; i < SAMPLE_COUNT; i++) {
float value;
if (i < maxAt) {
value = ((float) i) / ((float) maxAt) * 2.0 - 1.0;
} else {
value = 1.0 - ((float) (i - maxAt)) / ((float) (SAMPLE_COUNT - maxAt)) * 2.0;
}
sample[i] = value;
}
float base = 40.0;
for (i = 0; i < OCTAVE_COUNT; i++) {
createPitches(base, octaves[i]);
base *= 2;
}
channelStates[0].noteIndex = 0; nextNote(0);
channelStates[1].noteIndex = 0; nextNote(1);
pspAudioInit();
pspAudioSetVolume(0, 0x4000, 0x4000);
pspAudioSetVolume(1, 0x4000, 0x4000);
pspAudioSetChannelCallback(0, audioOutCallback0, NULL);
pspAudioSetChannelCallback(1, audioOutCallback1, NULL);
sceKernelSleepThread();
return 0;
}
the compile command :
psp-gcc.exe "C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\sdk\samples\audio\polyphonic\main.c" -o "C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\sdk\samples\audio\polyphonic\main.elf" -I"C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\sdk\include" -I"C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\include" -I"C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\include\sys" -I"C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\sdk\include\libc" -I"C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\include\arpa" -I"C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\include\bits" -I"C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\include\machine" -I"C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\include\netinet" -L"C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\lib" -L"C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\lib" -L"C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\sdk\lib" -lpspdebug -lpspdisplay -lpspge -lpspctrl -lpspsdk -lpsplibc -lpspnet_inet -lpspnet_apctl -lpspnet_resolver -lpsputility -lpspuser -lpspkernel -lpspaudiolib -lpspaudio -lm
the error is :
C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\sdk\lib\libpspaudiolib.a(pspaudiolib.o): In function `pspAudioEnd':
: undefined reference to `sceKernelDeleteThread'
C:\devkitPro\devkitPSP\psp\sdk\lib\libpspaudiolib.a(pspaudiolib.o): In function `pspAudioInit':
: undefined reference to `sceKernelDeleteThread'
please help me!
thanks in advance!